E1 Development and Jewish Grit
by Steve Kramer
Israel achieved democracy the hard way. A precursor was that one-third of all Jews were murdered in Europe in the 1930s-1940s and about 140,000 thousands survivors immigrated to Israel after its independence in 1948, after being kept in Displaced Persons camps (often former concentration camps!). 800,000 Jews were forced from their homes in Arab countries of North Africa and East Asia before and after Israel’s statehood and about three-quarters of them also made Aliyah. In addition, more than 50,000 Holocaust survivors left British internment camps in Cyprus – after being interned for the crime of fleeing Europe – to join the nascent Jewish state.
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