Who is Iran’s supreme leader as protests grip the country
The Iranian supreme leader faces his biggest threat yet after more than three decades in power
Lee Keath & Rosie Slater | The Independent | Tuesday 13 January 2026
Ali Khamenei. Photo by Khamenei.ir, CC BY 4.0, Wikipedia
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader, has spent more than three decades consolidating power by crushing internal threats.
But his leadership faces its most significant challenge yet as widespread protests against his leadership continue to grow across the country, with millions of Iranians taking to the streets to demand regime change.


Map showcasing the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine (Mandatory Palestine and the Emirate of Transjordan) in 1923. Photo by Shuaaa2 – Own work, CC BY 4.0,
Photo by 







